Line Follower

April 18, 2024 Post a Comment

Line follower

A line follower consists of an infrared light sensor and an infrared LED. It works by illuminating a surface with infrared light; the sensor then picks up the reflected infrared radiation and, based on its intensity, determines the reflectivity of the surface in question.

How do you make a line follower?

Step 2: Hardware Installation

Assemble the 2WD Smart Car Chasis 2 Wheels.
Connect the IR sensor to Analog to Digital and Comparator Module.
Then, connect the output pin to Arduino UNO analog pin. ...
Connect Vin to 5V and GND to GND in Arduino UNO.
Then, connect the motor driver pin to Arduino UNO pin.

What is black line follower?

The line follower is a self-operating robot that detects and follows a line that is drawn. The path consists of a black line on a white surface. The sensors that can be used are typically LED/LDR, LED/Photodiode or LED/Phototransistor pairs.

What algorithm is used for line follower?

The accuracy of the movement of a line follower mostly depends on the motor movement and sensing system. Many algorithms are used to coordinate the line data read by the sensors to control the motors. But a simple and most precise control is obtained by PID (proportional integral derivative) algorithm.

Is a line follower analog or digital?

The Line Tracking Sensor is an analog sensor, and it returns values in the range of 0 to 4095. Darker objects reflect less light, and are indicated by higher numbers. Lighter objects reflect more light, and are indicated by lower numbers.

Why do we need a line follower robot?

The sensor based black line follower robots are one of the most basic robots used to follow black line on white background or vice versa. These robots may be used to in various industrial and domestic applications such as to carry goods, floor cleaning, delivery services and transportation.

Which sensor is used in line following robot?

For line sensing operation, IR sensors are the one which are widely used for the development of a line follower robot. There are some basic things to follow where white surface of the black line reflects light and the black line receives it after the transmission.

How do you write code for line follower robot?

Procedure:

Step 1: Connect the circuit as shown in the schematic.
Step 2: Use the Arduino IDE to write your own code.
Step 3: Upload your code to the Arduino and connect it to the batteries or you can even use a power bank to run the Arduino.
Step 4: Test it on a black path.

What is human following robot?

Human following is a technique used by robot and autonomous vehicles to follow a human within a specific range. In this case, communication between the human and the robot is the most significant factor where sensor is needed to ensure its successfulness.

What is a white line follower robot?

What is Line follower robot. Line follower is an autonomous robot which follows either black line in white are or white line in black area. Robot must be able to detect particular line and keep following it.

How many sensors are there in a line follower sensor?

Line followers use 2-8 reflectance sesnsors for detecting the line. This product has swift movement and turns, it uses 5 sensors 3 in middle and 2 on sides, but does the middle one is neccessary in any way?

Which motor is best for line follower robot?

L298N Motor Driver L298N is one of the easiest and chipset way to control DC motors. It is the two-channel motor driver that can control the speed and spinning direction of DC motors. This L298N Motor Driver is a high-power motor driver module.

What is PID line follower?

PID control of line follower is a method consisting of Proportional, Integral & Derivative functions to improve the movement of the robot. The robot uses several sensors to identify the line thus assisting the bot to stay on the track. The robot is driven by DC Motors to control the movement of the wheels.

How do you increase the speed of a line follower robot?

Put your robot on the field and observe the performance of the robot. Keep increasing the value of the potentiometer so that the robot can follow the line even if it is wobbly. 10. If you notice the best performance of the robot to follow the line, note down the value from the Serial Monitor.

How do I make my followers faster in line?

Materials needed:

2 motors.
2 motor brackets.
2 wheels.
1 ball caster.
Arduino UNO.
Some screws to hold things together - 1/8 inch or less if you want them to be able to hold the Arduino.
LiPo battery of required voltage - Can be exchanged for regular batteries.
1 L293 chip.

How do line sensors work?

Line sensors detect the presence of a black line by emitting infrared (IR) light and detecting the light levels that return to the sensor. They do this using two components: an emitter and a light sensor (receiver).

How does white line sensor work?

The sensor works by detecting reflected light coming from its own infrared LED. By measuring the amount of reflected infrared light, it can detect transitions from light to dark (lines) or even objects directly in front of it.

How does a line tracing robot work?

Line follower robot senses black line by using sensor and then sends the signal to arduino. Then arduino drives the motor according to sensors' output. Here in this project we are using two IR sensor modules namely left sensor and right sensor. When both left and right sensor senses white then robot move forward.

What is the conclusion of line follower robot?

6 CONCLUSIONS The Line follower robot works successfully to track on the black line. Above the white surface (art paper) there are some black lines in different directions. The robot still good enough to sense the line and follows the track.

How do you make a line following a robot without a microcontroller?

The robot will move as follows: When the left sensor, say IC2, detects the black track, the robot turns left. When the right sensor, say, IC1, detects the black track, the robot turns right. When both the sensors are in white surface then, the robot moves in forward direction.